3-二茂铁基-2-丁烯酸钠对失血性血虚小鼠的补血作用

合成了 3-二茂铁基 - 2 -丁烯酸钠 ,并对其补血活性进行了测试 ,表明 3 -二茂铁基 - 2 -丁烯酸钠具有良好的补血作用 在给药剂量分别为 5mg/kg、1 0mg/kg时 ,以 5mg/kg剂量给药时补血效果更佳     

论公益捐赠行为的法律性质

公益捐赠行为属于捐助行为之一种,它在我国的社会生活中发挥了越来越重要的作用.公益捐赠合同除作为其合同主体的捐赠人和受赠人外,还涉及受益人这一公益捐赠合同关系人.同时,合同客体和内容的特殊性反映了这类行为的社会公益性目的.公益捐赠行为的法律涵义决定了它与信托、第三人利益契约和代理法律关系存在着明显差异.通过对此比较分析,可以确定公益捐赠是一种附义务的赠与合同.     

机械通气治疗危重型哮喘28例临床分析

探讨机械通气治疗危重型哮喘[1 ] 的重要性和可行性。将 57例患者随机分成两组 ,对照观察组采用传统方法治疗 ;治疗组在对照疗法的基础上 ,加用机械通气治疗 ,并对两组结果进行分析和文献复习。治疗组症状、体征、呼吸频率(RR)和血气分析 (BGA)明显好于对照组 (P <0 0 1)。危重型哮喘患者经传统治疗病情加重或哮喘不能控制时及早行气管插管、机械通气治疗     

乌龟外周血细胞在光镜和扫描电镜下的结构

本文报道了乌龟血细胞的形态结构 ,血涂片经过染色 ,可鉴定出红细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、嗜中性粒细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞、血栓细胞等七种细胞 ;还见到未成熟的和正在分裂的红细胞 ,提示红细胞也可在血液中通过间接分裂产生 .在扫描电镜下 ,红细胞长椭圆形 ,表面光滑 ,无突起 ;而各种白细胞为圆形 ,细胞表面不平 ,具有各种突起 ,提示白细胞具有活跃的变形运动和吞噬能力     

利他行为·利己行为·外部性——对当前赞助活动的一个经济学解释

文章对我国市场化改革过程中出现的具有赠与性质的种种赞助行为进行了深入的经济理论分析,论证了其性质、产生的原因、成本和利益、外部性,从而为完善和规范社会对赠与行为的管理提供了理论依据     

不同文化的差异干扰第二语言学习的问题

不 同文化的差异对 第二语言学习 者有着干扰：词语 涵义不同;对道 德、价值的认 识评价不同。于是,受 汉文化的影响 ,中国学生将 汉语翻 译成英 语时, 往往 产生“中国 式英 语”的问题。为此,在英语 教学中,要采取 相应的对策：教材 应增选反映文 化差异的材料;鼓 励学生 广泛阅读;聘请外 籍英语教师;利用 电影、录像等现 代化教学手段     

单位团体献血运作的过程与机制:以北京市T大学为个案

本文在中国社会结构转型和血液制度变迁的背景下,以T大学的一次“女生节”献血活动为关键案例,应用集体行动的有关理论,分析单位团体献血的运作过程和运作机制。本文认为自愿无偿献血的运作过程是一个意义框架建构和延伸的过程。无偿并非没有任何激励,只是淡化物质激励,更多地强调象征激励,即对符号、话语、意义、价值等的突出,这不仅表达了对献血者的尊重,也促进了献血框架的再生产。单位团体献血的有效运作有赖于单位内部的结构易得性,由于高校具有更强的结构易得性,自然成为团体献血的主体。     

中国对“一带一路”沿线直接投资的减贫效应研究

近年来,中国对“一带一路”沿线国家直接投资持续增加,合作领域不断拓展,合作程度不断深入,在此背景下探讨中国对外直接投资对沿线国家是否具有优良的减贫效应,减贫效应是否会因国家属性不同而产生异质性的影响,这种减贫效应又是通过何种渠道、何种机制来传导的,这一系列问题的解答对理论与实践都具有重大意义。文章基于2009—2019年“一带一路”沿线63国的面板数据,依照所属区域大致将沿线63个国家划分为六大板块,构建与对外直接投资的减贫效应相关的计量模型,实证分析中国对东道国直接投资的减贫效应,并采取中介效应检验的方法探索直接投资的减贫效应传导机制。研究表明:中国对外直接投资对降低东道国贫困率的成效显著,为当地经济发展带来强劲的“拉力”,显著地促进了“一带一路”沿线国家的贫困人口的减少。异质性分析表明:这种减贫效应不存在明显的地理区域偏向性,也不以国家经济发展水平为绝对界限;以“是否布局有孔子学院”作为代理变量来衡量文化距离的远近,在“文化距离近”的国家效果更为优良,而对于“文化距离远”的国家影响并不显著。中介效应分析表明:在中国对外直接投资发挥减贫作用的过程中,就业创造与基础设施建设承担了部分中介效应的功能,通过这两种机制,东道国经济的自生能力得到有效提升,授人以鱼不如授人以渔,中国通过创造就业岗位与完善基础建设“双渠道”,提升东道国的自生能力,为当地经济可持续发展带来了源源不断的动力,发展步入良性循环。通过关注贫困群体的能力建设,因地制宜地挖掘贫困地区潜在市场的比较优势,来实现自主减贫。与“输血式”减贫相比,这种“造血式”的减贫方式以提升自生能力为导向,更为有效而持续。为避免模型中内生性问题对研究结论的影响,以中国对外直接投资的一阶滞后项作为工具变量重新进行回归,原结论仍然成立;为保证文章实证分析结论的可靠性,采取分别替换核心解释变量与被解释变量的方法进行稳健性检验,最终的研究结论具有稳健性。基于上述分析,文章提出以就业岗位创造为本、以人才培训为源、以基础设施建设为先,进一步优化中国对外直接投资流向,促进减贫合作。     

Australian maternity healthcare professionals’ knowledge,attitudes and practices relevant to cord blood banking,donation and clamp timing: A cross-sectional survey

ProblemAustralian health professionals’ knowledge and attitudes towards third stage labour options of cord clamp timing, cord blood banking and donation and their practice of informing parents of these options is unknown.BackgroundParents have several options for the management of their infant’ cord blood during the third stage of labour. Early or deferred cord clamping practices may affect parent choices about physiological transfusion to the neonate and/or cord blood collection for private or public banking or donation.AimTo identify health professionals’ knowledge and attitudes towards third stage labour options of cord clamp timing, cord blood banking and donation and their practice of informing parents of these options.MethodsA total of 129 Australian maternity healthcare professionals responded to the self-administered survey between December 2017 and June 2018.FindingsOccupational differences were revealed in regard to cord clamp timing, cord blood banking and donation knowledge, attitudes and practices. Midwives were more likely to discuss cord clamp timing with parents and to clamp the cord later than obstetricians. Obstetricians were more knowledgeable of cord blood banking and donation options than midwives. Cord blood banking and donation options were discussed by both groups if parents asked.DiscussionIdentification of gaps in knowledge should guide future maternity health professional education that is inclusive of all third stage labour options to ensure that open discussion and informing parents of options is consistent, contemporary and evidence-based.ConclusionTo make informed decisions, parents need evidence-based information on all third stage labour options.     

The psychosocial work environment of district nurses in Sweden

Data were collected from a stratified sample of district nurses in the greater Stockholm area on four occasions during one year using questionnaire techniques (to assess psychosocial working conditions and social networks, and self-reported health sums); as well as physiological measurement techniques. Three groups of district nurses were compared: group A, those working independently in the 'traditional' role but outside primary health care centres; group B, those working independently in the 'traditional' role but in primary health care centres; and group C, those working in the model role as part of primary health care teams. The study focused on the effects of these different work environments on the district nurse's psychological and somatic health, and their physiological state.

The data suggested that district nurses in the primary care teams (group C) had a lower objective work load than those working in the more traditional role. Despite this, they reported a less favourable balance (ratio) of work demands to decision latitude. They reported more 'problems' and 'conflicts' at work than did the other district nurses. However, such 'problems' were diminishing during the study period, which could mean that successive adaptation to the 'new' situation was occurring. The 'conflicts', on the other hand, remained. This may indicate that despite this adaptation, the district nurses in the primary care teams were struggling with their new work roles. It points to the need for organizational support during this important change process. The district nurses in group B (traditional role but in a primary health care centre) had the highest objective work load and showed physiological reactions in terms of elevated plasma cortisol levels in the morning, high systolic blood pressure and sleep disturbances.